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Complications linked to badly controlled diabetes:

Below is a list of possible complications that can be caused by badly controlled diabetes:

• Eye complications - glaucoma, cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and some others.
• Foot complications - neuropathy, ulcers, and sometimes gangrene which may require that the foot be amputated
• Skin complications - people with diabetes are more susceptible to skin infections and skin disorders
• Heart problems - such as ischemic heart disease, when the blood supply to the heart muscle is diminished
• Hypertension - common in people with diabetes, which can raise the risk of kidney disease, eye problems, heart attack and stroke
• Mental health - uncontrolled diabetes raises the risk of suffering from depression, anxiety and some other mental disorders
• Hearing loss - diabetes patients have a higher risk of developing hearing problems
• Gum disease - there is a much higher prevalence of gum disease among diabetes patients
• Gastroparesis - the muscles of the stomach stop working properly
• Ketoacidosis - a combination of ketosis and acidosis; accumulation of ketone bodies and acidity in the blood.
• Neuropathy - diabetic neuropathy is a type of nerve damage which can lead to several different problems.
• HHNS (Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Nonketotic Syndrome) - blood glucose levels shoot up too high, and there are no ketones present in the blood or urine. It is an emergency condition.
• Nephropathy - uncontrolled blood pressure can lead to kidney disease
• PAD (peripheral arterial disease) - symptoms may include pain in the leg, tingling and sometimes problems walking properly
• Stroke - if blood pressure, cholesterol levels, and blood glucose levels are not controlled, the risk of stroke increases significantly
• Erectile dysfunction - male impotence.
• Infections - people with badly controlled diabetes are much more susceptible to infections
• Healing of wounds - cuts and lesions take much longer to heal

What Are the Consequences of Long-Term Stress?

A little stress every now and then is not something to be concerned about. Ongoing, chronic stress, however, can cause or exacerbate many serious health problems, including:

• Mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety, and personality disorders
• Cardiovascular disease, including heart disease, high blood pressure, abnormal heart rhythms, heart attacks, and stroke
• Obesity and other eating disorders
• Menstrual problems
• Sexual dysfunction, such as impotence and premature ejaculation in men and loss of sexual desire in both men and women
• Skin and hair problems, such as acne, psoriasis, and eczema, and permanent hair loss
• Gastrointestinal problems, such as GERD, gastritis, ulcerative colitis, and irritable colon

Common Causes of Kidney Diseases

Renal problems can be caused by a range of factors. Most diseases that affect the kidneys do not necessarily originate in the kidneys themselves, but may result from health conditions in other parts of the body. The following is a list of common causes of kidney disease. (This is not an exhaustive list.)

• Bacterial infections contribute to diseases of the kidneys. In fact, the most common form of kidney disease, known as pyelonephritis (inflammation of the kidney), is caused by bacterial infection. Such infections tend to originate in the urinary tract (particularly the bladder), then spread to the kidneys. Urinary Tract Infection is a good example of an infection that begins in the urethra or the bladder, but could also affect the kidneys.
  
  Bacteria that affect other organs can also affect the kidneys. For instance, the bacteria that cause tuberculosis can sometimes travel from the lungs to the kidneys and infect them.
• Kidney blockage is another factor that can adversely affect the kidneys. It is possible for damaged muscles to release large amounts of protein into the bloodstream, blocking the nephrons. Kidney functions may also be affected by blockage, which is not directly in the kidneys. For instance, an obstruction that affects the flow of urine in the urinary tract can harm the kidneys. Urine stagnation, due to blockage of the urinary tract or prostate enlargement, increases the risk of infection.
  
  Kidney function can also be affected when the body's immune system is impaired. Antibodies and other substances, which form large particles in the bloodstream, can become trapped in the kidneys' glomeruli, causing inflammation.
• Diet and lifestyle choices can profoundly impact the health of the kidneys. These are probably the leading causes of kidney disease. Many kidney problems can be avoided or reversed if these two areas are improved.
  
  While a greater number of people have now become more aware of the consequences of poor diet and lifestyle habits, a lot more still need to be done in order to reduce lifestyle diseases. In many cases, lifestyle diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes can be avoided with proper diet, exercise and other healthy lifestyle choices.
  
  Whatever foods or chemicals we consume or put into our bodies, eventually affect our blood and kidneys (positively or negatively). Since the kidneys are responsible for filtering the blood and maintaining its correct volume and concentration, they are likely to be impacted by components within the blood. So, if we consume more of the correct foods in the right quantities, exercise more often and engage in healthy recreational activities, our kidneys will benefit immensely. If, however, we consume foods or drugs (legal and illegal) that are harmful to our body's biological systems, our kidney functions and general health are likely to decline, leading to diseases.
• Hypertension (or high blood pressure) is another example of not only a cause but also a symptom of kidney disease. On average, the kidneys receive over 180 liters (50 gal) of blood each day. This means that they take on a heavy work load of balancing the chemicals in the blood and removing waste products. High blood pressure, therefore, puts more stress on the kidneys and eventually damages them.
  
  Additionally, the kidneys play an important role in helping to regulate blood pressure. Hypertension is therefore an indication that the kidneys are not functioning as well as they should. In this regard, hypertension is both a cause and major symptom of renal problems.
• Diabetes Mellitus is caused by malfunctioning pancreas that produces little or no insulin, or the inefficient use of insulin by the body. It affects millions of people and is responsible for almost 4 million deaths every year, worldwide.
  
  Diabetes is sometimes referred to as a lifestyle disease since in many cases, it is completely avoidable. Some simple lifestyle adjustments, such as healthier dietary choices, regular physical activities, maintaining a normal body weight and avoiding tobacco use, can contribute significantly to preventing or delaying the onset of this disease.
• Kidney stone is another example of a kidney disease that can largely be attributed to poor diet. Tiny stones, sometimes called "silent stones", generally do not cause any problems. They can easily pass undetected trough the ureters (narrow tubes that connects the kidneys to the bladder), into the bladder and eventually out of the body.
  
  Large stones are quite different and can cause severe kidney problems. They tend to get stuck within the urinary tract, restricting the normal flow of urine. This creates pressure on the kidneys and causes severe pain. Eventually, the pressure created by backed-up urine can cause the kidneys to become swollen, damaged and infected.
• Kidney cancer is one of the most serious and potentially deadly forms of kidney disease. It causes the cells in certain tissues of the kidneys to grow abnormally and form malignant tumors. These malignant tumors tend to grow quickly and can easily spread to other organs, by way of the blood or lymph. They readily grow into other tissues and replace healthy cells with malignant cells. While the exact cause is not known with certainty, some studies suggest that persons exposed to chemicals such as cigarette tar, nitrites and numerous industrial chemicals are more likely to develop kidney cancer.
• Birth defects or hereditary disorders in the kidneys may also cause renal problems. Such defects may cause the kidneys to have abnormal shapes or to function improperly

Liver Failure

Liver failure occurs when large parts of the liver become damaged beyond repair and the liver is no longer able to function.

Liver failure is a life-threatening condition that demands urgent medical care. Most often, liver failure occurs gradually and over many years. However, a more rare condition known as acute liver failure occurs rapidly (in as little as 48 hours) and can be difficult to detect initially.

What Causes Liver Failure?

The most common causes of chronic liver failure (where the liver fails over months to years) include:

• Hepatitis B
• Hepatitis C
• Long term alcohol consumption
• Cirrhosis
• Hemochromatosis (an inherited disorder that causes the body to absorb and store too much iron)
• Malnutrition

The causes of acute liver failure, when the liver fails rapidly, however, are often different. These include:

• Acetaminophen (Tylenol) overdose.
• Viruses including hepatitis A, B, and C (especially in children).
• Reactions to certain prescription and herbal medications.
• Ingestion of poisonous wild mushrooms.

What Are the Symptoms of Liver Failure?

The initial symptoms of liver failure are often ones that can be due to any number or conditions. Because of this, liver failure may be initially difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms include:

• Nausea
• Loss of appetite
• Fatigue
• Diarrhea

• #1: Hyperthyroidism refers to an increase in production of hormones by the gland. Some of the symptoms that could signal hyperthyroidism are weight loss despite a good appetite, enlargement in your neck, an increase in heart rate, shorter menstrual periods, high blood pressure, increased sweating, frequent bowel movements, nervousness and trembling hands.
• #2: Hypothyroidism refers to a decrease in production of hormones by the gland. Some of the symptoms that could signal hypothyroidism are weight gain or failure to lose weight despite a proper weight loss regime, enlargement in the neck, reduced heart rate, increased cold sensitivity, lethargy, numbness in hands, dry skin and hair, heavy menstrual periods and constipation.
• #3: For hypothyroidism, your doctor might prescribe you thyroid hormone pills which you’ll need to take for life. For hyperthyroidism, you may be prescribed anti-thyroid medications and/or radioactive iodine. You doctor may also prescribe drugs to reduce symptoms like increased heart rate and tremors.
• #4: A lump in the neck with pain and swollen lymph nodes, trouble in breathing and swallowing, hoarse voice are some of the symptoms that could signal thyroid cancer. In such cases, surgery is performed to remove the thyroid gland or a part of it along with radioactive iodine therapy.
• #5: The factors that put you at an increased risk of thyroid disease are: family history of thyroid disease, type I diabetes, age, stress, thyroid surgery performed previously and Down’s or Turner’s syndrome. Women are more susceptible to thyroid problems than men especially during delivery and menopause, which are periods when there is a hormonal flux.
• #6:Thyroid is diagnosed by tests like Thyroid profile which measure your Thyroid stimulating hormone or TSH. High TSH levels indicate hypothyroidism, and low TSH levels indicate hyperthyroidism.
• #7: After the age of 35, you should ideally get screened for thyroid dysfunction once every five years. If you exhibit any of the symptoms or risk factors mentioned above, then you should get yourself screened more often.
• #8: If you are diagnosed with thyroid disease, it is important that you take it seriously and follow whatever instructions the doctor gives you. If left untreated, thyroid problems can lead to stroke, heart disease, infertility, Alzheimer’s and ultimately death.
• #9: In order to keep your thyroid gland in mint condition, eat foods rich in nutrients like Iodine and Selenium. You can do so by eating iodized salt and seafood. Vegetarians can add spinach, garlic and sesame seeds in their diet instead. Foods like fish, meat, mushrooms, sunflower seeds and soybeans can fulfil your selenium requirement.
• #10: According to a study published by Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 10.95% of the 5,376 people surveyed were diagnosed with hypothyroidism. This is an alarming number and more awareness about thyroid gland and the diseases associated with it is the need of the hour.

Not all cholesterol is created equal. It's a fatty substance, so cholesterol can't dissolve in the blood to be carried to where it's needed in the body. "Your body is mostly water, and fat and water don't mix," says Dr. Dehmer.

So cholesterol is packaged into proteins that can shuttle the fatty stuff around your body. One is high-density lipoprotein (HDL, or good cholesterol) and another is low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or bad cholesterol).

What's the difference? LDL can stick to the smooth lining of the blood vessels, where it is absorbed. HDL appears to do the opposite—it actually mops up excess cholesterol and removes it from the blood vessels.

Effects of Arthritis

With arthritis, pain and fatigue may become a frequent part of your day. Physical changes from the disease process may affect your appearance. These changes can diminish your positive self-image. When you don't feel good about yourself, you may prefer isolation and withdraw from friends and social activities.

Chronic illness also can influence your ability to function at work. Morning stiffness, decreased range of motion, and other physical limitations may require you to modify your work activities and environment. Decreased ability to work can lead to financial difficulties. For the homemaker, a specific task may take much longer to accomplish. You may need the help of your spouse, a relative or a home health care provider. As your life changes, you may feel a loss of control and become anxious about the uncertainty of what lies ahead.

Arthritis and Stress

If you have arthritis, the stress can build and influence how you feel about life. Prolonged stress can lead to frustration, anger, hopelessness, and, at times, depression. The person with the illness is not the only one affected. Family members are also influenced by the changes in the health of a loved one.

Common Acute Skin problems

• Cold sores also called fever blisters -- are a painful infection caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
• Plantar warts and Palmer warts are common, especially in children. These warts are named for where they appear on the body. Palmer warts occur on the hands, and plantar warts on the bottom of the foot.
• Hair Loss: Learn about causes of hair loss including different types of alopecia.
• Blisters: A single blister is usually the result of friction or a minor burn, typically on the hands or feet.
• Chafing can occur anywhere on your body, but the thighs, groin, underarms, and nipples are particularly vulnerable.
• Corns and calluses can be annoying, but your body actually forms them to protect sensitive skin. Corns and calluses are often confused with one another.
• Sunburn: Here's what you need to know about how to keep your skin safe and where to find sunburn relief if you do linger on your lounger too long.
• Ingrown Hair: Sometimes dead skin can clog up a hair follicle. That forces the hair inside it to grow sideways under the skin, rather than upward and outward.
• Muehrcke's Lines of the Fingernails: Muehrcke's lines appear as double white lines that run across the fingernails horizontally. The condition is named after Robert Muehrcke, MD. He first described the condition in the British Medical Journal in 1956.
• Gangrene is a condition that occurs when body tissue dies. It is caused by a loss of blood supply due to an underlying illness, injury, and/or infection. Fingers, toes, and limbs are most often affected, but gangrene can also occur inside the body, damaging organs and muscles.
• Rashes: A rash indicates an abnormal change in skin color or texture. Rashes are usually caused by skin inflammation, which can have many causes.
• Dermatitis: In most people, the early stages of dermatitis are characterized by red, dry, and itchy skin. More serious dermatitis may result in crusty scales or blisters that ooze fluid.
• Bedbugs are small, oval, brownish insects that live on the blood of animals or humans. Adult bedbugs have flat bodies about the size of an apple seed. After feeding, however, their bodies swell and are a reddish color.
• Itching: Finding the cause of the itching and treating any underlying skin disease is the first step in solving pruritus.
• Cysts and Skin Lumps: There are a number skin conditions that cause lumps and bumps to appear on the surface or just below the skin. This article covers some of the most common ones.
• Hives: Urticaria, also known as hives, is an outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques (wheals) on the skin that appear suddenly -- either as a result of the body's adverse reaction to certain allergens, or for unknown reasons.
• Alopecia Areata: Alopecia is the medical term for baldness; there are various types of alopecia, including alopecia areata.
• Vitiligo: is a condition in which white patches develop on the skin. Any location on the body can be affected and most people with vitiligo have white patches on many areas of the body.
• Varicose Veins and Spider Veins: Varicose veins are large, raised, swollen blood vessels that twist and turn. They usually develop in the legs and can be seen through the skin.
• Intertrigo: is a fancy name for a rash that shows up between the folds of skin. It is a very common skin rash that can crop up throughout life.
• Lice and scabies are highly contagious skin conditions that involve parasites living on or in your skin.
• Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac: Poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac are all plants that can cause a temporary, irritating rash when they come in contact with your skin. This rash is a form of allergic contact dermatitis.
• Bruises: A bruise is a common skin injury that results in a discoloration of the skin. Blood from damaged blood cells deep beneath the skin collects near the surface of the skin resulting in what we think of as a black and blue mark.
• Epidermoid and Sebaceous Cysts: Many people often call any small, painless lump under the skin "sebaceous cysts." But those are most often epidermoid cysts.

Common Antenatal profile tests includes HCT, Red Cell Count, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, Platelet Count, White Cell Count, Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils, Blood Group and Rh Type, Atypical Antibody Screen, VDRL, Glucose, TSH, Rubella Antibodies (IgG), Toxoplasma (IgG + IgM), Hepatitis B sAg, Varicella Zoster IgG (Immunity)

Fever is a common symptom of many medical conditions:

• Infectious disease
• Various skin inflammations
• Immunological diseases
• Tissue destruction
• Reaction to incompatible blood products
• Cancers
• Metabolic disorders
• Thrombo-embolic processes

Children check-up evaluates your child’s health. Since the formative years are crucial. It helps in monitoring not only the growth and nutritional requirements but also the overall health status of the child. It includes:

• Blood group and Rh Typing
• Complete Blood Count
• ESR
• Urine Analysis
• Stool Test
• Mantoux Test
• X-Ray Chest

For men, over 50 years of age, who suffers from prostate problems such as acute & chronic prostatitis, BHP (benign prostatic hyperplasia) and cancer. For women, over 50 years of age, dealing with any kind of physical and hormonal changes such as ageing.

With growing age, both men and women, suffers from various kinds of body ailments. In the case of men, doctors often fine prostate problems such as acute & chronic prostatitis, cancer and BHP (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia). The most common of all diseases, in more than 50 % of old male, is BPH.

In women, around 40 years old, several physical and hormonal changes become apparent. They tend to face problems such as increased blood pressure, heart diseases, diabetes, obesity and osteoporosis.

With our set of Senior Citizen Health Checkups, we aim at providing consultation service, laboratory examinations, screening tests, radiology services, gynecology and Alkaline Phosphatase. Common tests will be

• Haemogram
• Fasting Blood Sugar
• Lipid Profile
• Urine Routine
• Creatinine
• X-Ray Chest
• ECG
• TSH
• Calcium
• Stool For Occult Blood